As Eric Winsborrow CEO at Shadow Networks noted: "Battles are not fought with bullets or weapons, Today spies are Cyber Spies". Internet, the wonderful instrument of knowledge, freedom, and communication is an invisible world with lots of visible consequences. Potential solutions for regulation and adaptability of IHL to these new technologies will also be inquired. Despite the unstoppable involvement of cyber capacities in future warfare and the challenges it represent for the rule of the law in IHL, the absence of clear and global standards of “cyber conduct” is striking. Shortcomings in relation to the “uniqueness” of cyberspace already appear with the current rules of IHL, particularly in the light of an effective protection for civilian networks. If the applicability of international law and the core principles of IHL to cyberspace is not controversial, challenges appears when we try to find out “how” these fundamental humanitarian principles will work out in this new domain. In the context of an overwhelming reliance of military capacities on computer systems and digital networks, the potential threat of cyber warfare seems to gradually leave the domain of science-fiction and open war-fighting to a fifth digital domain beyond land, sea, air and outer space. Cyber-security has therefore, since decades, became a primarily concern for governments and security policy experts. The predominance of today’s information technology in all the aspect of public and private life undeniably offered a wide range of amazing benefits but also came with new forms of vulnerabilities. As the latter seems unavoidable, the development of legal norms should follow, particularly in IHL, where the appearance of new methods and means of warfare is able to threaten the necessary balance of this body of norm, between humanity and military necessity. One of the greatest challenges of the law is keeping up with the advancement of technology.
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